TECHNOLOGY SIMPLIFIED

  SINGLE  EVENT   UPSET   INTRODUCTION  : A  single - event upset  (  SEU  ) , also known as a  single - event error  (  SEE  ) , is a change of state caused by one single ionizing particle ( ions , electrons , photons... ) striking a sensitive node in a micro - electronic device , such as in a microprocessor , semiconductor memory , or power transistors . The state change is a result of the free charge created by ionization in or close to an important node of a logic element ( e.g. memory " bit " ) . The error in device output or operation caused as a result of the strike is called an SEU or a soft error . The SEU itself is not considered permanently damaging to the transistor's or circuit's functionality unlike the case of single - event latch - up ( SEL ) , single - event gate rupture ( SEGR ) , or single - event burnout ( SEB ) . These are all examples of a general...

  COMPUTER VISION WHAT IS COMPUTER VISION : Computer vision is a field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that enables computers and systems to derive meaningful information from digital images , videos and other visual inputs - and take actions or make recommendations based on that information . If AI enables computers to think , computer vision enables them to see , observe and understand . Computer vision works much the same as human vision , except humans have a head start . Human sight has the advantage of lifetimes of context to train how to tell objects apart , how far away they are , whether they are moving and whether there is something wrong in an image . Computer vision trains machines to perform these functions , but it has to do it in much less time with cameras , data and algorithms rather than retinas , optic nerves and a visual cortex . Because a system trained to inspect products or watch a production asset can analyze thousands of products or processes a minute , no...

NATURAL  LANGUAGE  PROCESSING INTRODUCTION : Natural language processing (NLP) is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that helps computers understand , interpret and manipulate human language . NLP draws from many disciplines , including computer science and computational linguistics, in its pursuit to fill the gap between human communication and computer understanding . EVOLUTION : While natural language processing isn’t a new science , the technology is rapidly advancing thanks to an increased interest in human - to - machine communications , plus an availability of Big Data , powerful computing and enhanced Algorithms .  As a human , you may speak and write in English , Spanish or Chinese . But a computer’s native language – known as machine code or machine language – is largely incomprehensible to most people . At your device’s lowest levels , communication occurs not with words but through millions of zeros and ones that produce logical actions .  Indeed ...

SPEECH RECOGNITION INTRODUCTION : Speech is an easy and usable technique of communication between humans, but nowadays humans are not limited to connecting to each other but even to the different machines in our lives . The most important is the computer . So , this communication technique can be used between computers and humans . This interaction is done through interfaces , this area called Human Computer Interaction ( HCI ) .  Automatic Speech Recognition ( ASR ) which is an important domain of artificial intelligence and which should be taken into account during any related actions . Speech recognition  , the ability of devices to respond to spoken commands . Speech recognition enables hands - free control of various devices and equipment ( a particular boon to many disabled persons ) , provides input to automatic translation, and creates print - ready dictation . Among the earliest applications for speech recognition were automated telephone syst...

MACHINE LEARNING INTRODUCTION : Machine Learning is a sub-area of artificial intelligence, whereby the term refers to the ability of IT systems to independently find solutions to problems by recognizing patterns in databases. In other words : Machine Learning enables IT systems to recognize patterns on the basis of existing algorithms and data sets and to develop adequate solution concepts. Therefore, in Machine Learning, artificial knowledge is generated on the basis of experience. In order to enable the software to independently generate solutions , the prior action of people is necessary. For example, the required algorithms and data must be fed into the systems in advance and the respective analysis rules for the recognition of patterns in the data stock must be defined. WORKING : Machine Learning works in a similar way to human learning. For example, if a child is shown images with specific objects on them, they can learn to identify and differentiate between them. Machine Learn...

  ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE   Introduction : Artificial intelligence is one of the advancements in the computer science , therefore can be said as a branch of computer science. It is the intelligence of machines. Generally, we do understand the intelligence of human beings, but when the same is depicted by machine, then termed to as artificial intelligence. The machine was supposed to perform any action on basis of the command given, but if the human-like thinking and analyzing, problem-solving capacity, voice recognition capacity in installed then the same proves it to be a smart one. Human intelligence is incubated by means of some processed inputs. There are many of the commands processed as input to the machines so that they give the desired results. Types of Artificial Intelligence : There are mainly two types of artificial intelligence. They are : Type 1 : Narrow Artificial Intelligence -  Can perform the single task example voice recognition. General Artificial I...